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Sustainable Building Materials Selection Awareness: The Case of Ethiopian Architectural and Engineering Offices
Abdulkerim Kiflu,
Nebyou Yonas
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
1-10
Received:
21 February 2022
Accepted:
18 March 2022
Published:
23 March 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.11
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Abstract: The construction industry is regarded as one of the pivotal aspects of achieving the objectives of sustainable development in communities. In this regard, the choice of building materials is one of the pivotal challenges in order to improve program performance with respect to sustainable development needles, and the use of sustainable building materials is an effective step towards achieving sustainable construction. Selection of sustainable building materials represents an important strategy in the design and construction of buildings. One of the central challenges is the mindfulness of designers or architects and the recognizable proof of building materials based on the concepts and standards of sustainability. One of the study's limitations is that it excludes other stakeholders, such as the client, who may have an influence on material selection. Another drawback is that since elements are used to organize materials and components, thus the study based solely on product performance within each constituent group. On the other hand, this study excluded several items. For example, "products" such as lighting, water fixtures, HVAC, and electrical fixtures are not included. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to know whether the consultants have awareness or not on sustainable building materials. The study result shows that 50.7% have awareness, while the other 49.3% do not have awareness on the sustainable building materials.
Abstract: The construction industry is regarded as one of the pivotal aspects of achieving the objectives of sustainable development in communities. In this regard, the choice of building materials is one of the pivotal challenges in order to improve program performance with respect to sustainable development needles, and the use of sustainable building mate...
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Assessment of High Rise Building Construction in Addis Ababa City
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
11-16
Received:
15 March 2022
Accepted:
2 April 2022
Published:
14 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.12
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Abstract: High rise buildings signify an element of the country’s economic power and a sign of advantage to the country and also consumes a large number of people with a piece of land. Addis Ababa city is witnessing huge demographic expansion due to migration from surrounding rural areas, leading to urban stretch, housing demand, rise in the cost of land. Given this demand, though high rise structures have become a solution. When accomplishing these complex and huge high rise building structures, many problems affect the construction process. The objectives included an assessment of challenges, identifying the main factors which affect the construction process of high rise building construction. This research involves both qualitative and quantitative approaches for data collection and analysis. To gather quantitative data, survey questionnaires were administered to construction project teams namely; project managers, site Engineers, office Engineers, and resident Engineers. For qualitative approach; in-depth interviews were carried out to purposefully selected respondents. Lastly, data were collected from documents such as policy documents and reports of the Addis Ababa construction bureau. This study identified major challenges of high rise building construction during construction stage. The research result indicates that the major challenges of high rise buildings during construction includes cost overrun, delay, safety risks, and vertical transportation of materials and manpower. The main cause or variables of delay are Design changes, materials shortage, poor labor productivity, inadequate planning, equipment shortage, inaccurate prediction of equipment and craftsmen production rate, skilled labor shortage, and inaccuracy of materials estimate. The major causes of cost overrun of high rise building projects are; materials cost increased by inflation, inaccurate quantity take-off, lack of experience of project type are the major causes of cost overrun of high rise building projects. Safety factors are classified into three categories. Working environment, work at high elevation, and inadequate safety protection are the principal factor of safety at work in high rise building construction. The outcome of study helps the construction stakeholders and as a whole the construction industry to understand the actual factors of high rise building construction.
Abstract: High rise buildings signify an element of the country’s economic power and a sign of advantage to the country and also consumes a large number of people with a piece of land. Addis Ababa city is witnessing huge demographic expansion due to migration from surrounding rural areas, leading to urban stretch, housing demand, rise in the cost of land. Gi...
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Determination of Water Level on the Reservoir of the Earthen Dam of Songloulou Based on the Artificial Neural Network and Assessment of the Stress and Displacements
Amba Jean Chills,
Zoa Ambassa,
Offolé Florence,
Essola Dieudonné,
Bodol Momha Merlin,
Nzengwa Robert,
Mbongo Pascal Adrien
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
17-42
Received:
27 April 2022
Accepted:
14 May 2022
Published:
26 May 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.13
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Abstract: In this paper, we used artificial intelligence for the analysis of water level and displacements data from the Songloulou earth dam of Cameroon. Measurements of safety and reliability indicators follow changes dictated by several reversible and irreversible phenomena like piezometric and pendulums measurements. The results obtained over many years have confirmed the relevance and robustness of models using artificial intelligence. We have simulated the behavior model through piezometric and pendulum measurements of this dam more precisely the ANFIS (Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System) model, which combines the concept of artificial neurons and that of fuzzy logic, has provided satisfactory results, given the large amount of data to be processed. The water level evolution is modeled using the ANFIS function integrated in the MATLAB software and we compare it with the HST (Hydrostatic Season Time) method. Afterwards, the stress state of the structure is evaluated based on the hydromechanical behavior using the PLAXIS Finite Element calculation code. In this case, the input parameters are: the hydraulic heads recorded on the piezometers and geotechnical parameters of the dam. The modeling results in terms of displacement are perfectly consistent with the displacement measurements. The horizontal displacement obtained in the model at the pendulums position is 80 mm and that of the pendulums is 70 mm of average value.
Abstract: In this paper, we used artificial intelligence for the analysis of water level and displacements data from the Songloulou earth dam of Cameroon. Measurements of safety and reliability indicators follow changes dictated by several reversible and irreversible phenomena like piezometric and pendulums measurements. The results obtained over many years ...
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Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC
Mohammad Jahani,
Shore Shahnoori,
Saeed Moradi,
Cyrus Ershadi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
43-59
Received:
6 May 2022
Accepted:
23 May 2022
Published:
31 May 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14
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Abstract: The natural resources on earth are finite; thus, in a sustainable and circular system, the byproducts of one industry are sources for others. According to SDGs, nations should seek integrated methods to control climate change, minimise natural resources’ usage, neutralise the CO2 emissions and GHE, etc. Thus, as primary sources of emissions and natural resources’ depletion in the building industry, construction materials need crucial considerations. Therefore, the current study strives for methods to implement the wastes efficiently while preventing the use of freshwater in materials and production. However, the durability of the resulting concrete for usage in the structures exposed to marine and hostile circumstances is critical. The purpose of this research is to investigate some major characteristics of pozzolanic concrete made of seawater (Sw) and sea sand (DMS) in the laboratory and tidal conditions on a multi-scale level based on scientific results and environmental concerns. Therefore, the samples were prepared with two w/c ratios (0.35, 0.4) by replacing a certain percentage of different pozzolans with Portland cement (OPC) and fine aggregates with DMS, then were cured for 7 and 28 days, thereupon kept on a tidal condition for 180 days. The destructive and non-destructive tests showed that pozzolans’ usage, specifically silica fume (SF), highly improves the sustainability parameters of seawater sea-sand concrete (SWSSC) in tidal conditions and makes it more resistant to corrosive circumstances. SEM analysis showed objective evidence to justify changes in crystal texture of the OPC paste, various consolidations, void depths due to the presence of Sw, durability and microstructure improvements of SWSSC affected by eco-friendly materials. In the end, the data were analysed, and a correlation between SWSSC test results and behavioural characteristics was provided.
Abstract: The natural resources on earth are finite; thus, in a sustainable and circular system, the byproducts of one industry are sources for others. According to SDGs, nations should seek integrated methods to control climate change, minimise natural resources’ usage, neutralise the CO2 emissions and GHE, etc. Thus, as primary sources of emissions and nat...
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Application of Steel Sheet Pile Cofferdam in the Construction of Transition Pier Bearing Platform of Hongshui River Bridge
Hebin Jiang,
Zhe Zhou,
Haojin Li,
Xiangzhu Wei,
Xiangyun Zhao,
Zheng Wang,
Kaizhang Huang
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
60-69
Received:
13 May 2022
Accepted:
26 May 2022
Published:
31 May 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.15
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Abstract: As a common cofferdam support construction technology, steel sheet pile provides a construction platform for the construction of Underwater Bridge Foundation and a guarantee for construction safety. Therefore, the importance of construction analysis and construction checking calculation of steel sheet pile cofferdam is self-evident. This paper takes the transition pier cap of Hongshui River Bridge in China as an example. Firstly, the whole construction process of steel sheet pile cofferdam is discussed, and the key and difficult points in the construction process are analyzed. The key points of quality control are formulated around the construction processes such as the installation of guide frame, the insertion and driving of steel sheet pile and the installation of purlin support, and the key construction technologies to prevent the leakage of cofferdam are studied. The possible problems in construction are summarized and the corresponding measures are given. On this basis, the structural stress of steel sheet pile cofferdam is discussed, and the most unfavorable load is combined according to the construction and stress of cofferdam. Finally, the structural analysis and checking calculation of steel sheet pile are carried out. The checking calculation methods include traditional calculation method and finite element method. Based on this, the safety evaluation of its construction is carried out, and the safety and stability of steel sheet pile cofferdam construction are verified.
Abstract: As a common cofferdam support construction technology, steel sheet pile provides a construction platform for the construction of Underwater Bridge Foundation and a guarantee for construction safety. Therefore, the importance of construction analysis and construction checking calculation of steel sheet pile cofferdam is self-evident. This paper take...
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The Behavior of Slurry Infiltrated Fibrous Concrete with Waste Marble Dust as a Filler
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
70-79
Received:
5 January 2022
Accepted:
29 January 2022
Published:
9 June 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.16
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Abstract: In developing countries' construction industry the use of conventional construction material and conventional construction technologies makes construction expensive and hazardous to the environment so that the use of alternative construction material and construction technologies in our construction industry is very important. In this study the behavior of slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete with waste marble dust as filler are studied. Slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete is special type of steel fiber concrete (SFC) with a high volume fraction of fiber it possesses high ductility and high mechanical properties with special application of SIFCON lamination for structural member of buildings and It improves the strength of concrete structural members up to 25% for normal concrete and up to 40% for fibrous reinforced concretes and used for remedial works for weaken concrete structural members of buildings. This type of concrete uses a matrix consisting of very fine particles or filler to enhance its fibrous interlock properties. The purpose of this paper is to study the possibility of using marble waste powder as fine fillers in slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete production. from previous studies the use of marble waste powder filler for concrete production improves property of flow able concrete up to a certain limit so that for this purpose four different serious of concrete were prepared by adding different dosage of WMP (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) by weight of cement. To study the performance of SIFCON a total of eighteen samples were prepared with the addition of waste marble powder with different additional range (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) for each replacement C-30 were prepared the testes were on the mechanical properties of SIFCON that is compressive, tensile and flexural strength of the concrete and UPV test are conducted to check the porosity of the samples. The results indicate that the amount of ingredients (cement, sand) is reduced up to 10% because the fresh volume increased up to 15%. Finally XRD is conducted to observe the microstructure of the samples. The use of waste marble powder in SIFCON as fine filler improves the consistency and workability up to 30% usage so that from previous literature that is because the lubricating power of very fine limestone particle and also compressive strength, tensile, flexural strength shows progress up 30% usage and the optimum usage is 30% more than this percentage I observed reduction in workability and also in compressive, tensile and flexural strength of SIFCON.
Abstract: In developing countries' construction industry the use of conventional construction material and conventional construction technologies makes construction expensive and hazardous to the environment so that the use of alternative construction material and construction technologies in our construction industry is very important. In this study the beh...
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