Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC

Mohammad Jahani; Shore Shahnoori; Saeed Moradi; Cyrus Ershadi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14

| Peer-Reviewed

Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC

Mohammad Jahani, Shore Shahnoori, Saeed Moradi, Cyrus Ershadi

Published in American Journal of Construction and Building Materials (Volume 6, Issue 1)

Received: 6 May 2022 Accepted: 23 May 2022 Published: 31 May 2022

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The natural resources on earth are finite; thus, in a sustainable and circular system, the byproducts of one industry are sources for others. According to SDGs, nations should seek integrated methods to control climate change, minimise natural resources’ usage, neutralise the CO₂ emissions and GHE, etc. Thus, as primary sources of emissions and natural resources’ depletion in the building industry, construction materials need crucial considerations. Therefore, the current study strives for methods to implement the wastes efficiently while preventing the use of freshwater in materials and production. However, the durability of the resulting concrete for usage in the structures exposed to marine and hostile circumstances is critical. The purpose of this research is to investigate some major characteristics of pozzolanic concrete made of seawater (Sw) and sea sand (DMS) in the laboratory and tidal conditions on a multi-scale level based on scientific results and environmental concerns. Therefore, the samples were prepared with two w/c ratios (0.35, 0.4) by replacing a certain percentage of different pozzolans with Portland cement (OPC) and fine aggregates with DMS, then were cured for 7 and 28 days, thereupon kept on a tidal condition for 180 days. The destructive and non-destructive tests showed that pozzolans’ usage, specifically silica fume (SF), highly improves the sustainability parameters of seawater sea-sand concrete (SWSSC) in tidal conditions and makes it more resistant to corrosive circumstances. SEM analysis showed objective evidence to justify changes in crystal texture of the OPC paste, various consolidations, void depths due to the presence of Sw, durability and microstructure improvements of SWSSC affected by eco-friendly materials. In the end, the data were analysed, and a correlation between SWSSC test results and behavioural characteristics was provided.

Published in	American Journal of Construction and Building Materials (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14
Page(s)	43-59
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Tidal Conditions, SWSSC’s Durability, Waste Materials Applications, Carbonation Depth, Water Penetration

References

[1]	T. A. Pakkala, A. Köliö, J. Lahdensivu, and M. Kiviste, “Durability demands related to frost attack for Finnish concrete buildings in changing climate,” Build. Environ., vol. 82, pp. 27–41, 2014.
[2]	A. Younis, U. Ebead, P. Suraneni, and A. Nanni, “Fresh and hardened properties of seawater-mixed concrete,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 190, pp. 276–286, 2018.
[3]	M. Guo et al., “Characterisation of the mechanical properties of eco-friendly concrete made with untreated sea sand and seawater based on statistical analysis,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 234, p. 117339, 2020.
[4]	A. Shayan, A. Xu, G. Chirgwin, and H. Morris, “Effects of seawater on AAR expansion of concrete,” Cem. Concr. Res., vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 563–568, 2010.
[5]	J. Limeira, M. Etxeberria, L. Agulló, and D. Molina, “Mechanical and durability properties of concrete made with dredged marine sand,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 25, no. 11, pp. 4165–4174, 2011.
[6]	Z. Shi, Z. Shui, Q. Li, and H. Geng, “Combined effect of metakaolin and seawater on performance and microstructures of concrete,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 74, pp. 57–64, 2015.
[7]	H. Ez-Zaki and A. Diouri, “Chloride penetration through cement material based on dredged sediment and shell powder,” J. Adhes. Sci. Technol., vol. 32, no. 7, pp. 787–800, 2018.
[8]	H. H. Steinour, “Concrete Mix Water--How Impure Can It Be?” 1960.
[9]	D. F. Griffin and R. L. Henry, “The effect of salt in concrete on compressive strength, water vapour transmission, and corrosion of reinforcing steel,”. NAVAL CIVIL ENGINEERING LAB PORT HUENEME CA, 1962.
[10]	L. G. Li, X. Q. Chen, S. H. Chu, Y. Ouyang, and A. K. H. Kwan, “Seawater cement paste: effects of seawater and roles of water film thickness and superplasticiser dosage,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 229, p. 116862, 2019.
[11]	J. D. Dewar, The workability and compressive strength of concrete made with seawater. Cement and Concrete Association, 1963.
[12]	İ. Yüksel, T. Bilir, and Ö. Özkan, “Durability of concrete incorporating non-ground blast furnace slag and bottom ash as fine aggregate,” Build. Environ., vol. 42, no. 7, pp. 2651–2659, 2007.
[13]	M. Mouli and H. Khelafi, “Performance characteristics of lightweight aggregate concrete containing natural pozzolan,” Build. Environ., vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 31–36, 2008.
[14]	Y. Demir, H. Yaprak, and O. ŞİMŞEK, “The effect of seawater on the properties of concrete with silica fume admixture,” 2010.
[15]	G. İ. Sezer, “Compressive strength and sulfate resistance of limestone and/or silica fume mortars,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 613–618, 2012.
[16]	M. Yan, Y. T. Li, and Y. Zhang, “Research on the influence of mixtures on the strength of seawater and sea sand concrete,” Shanxi Arch., vol. 38, no. 30, pp. 135–136, 2012.
[17]	M. Valipour, F. Pargar, M. Shekarchi, and S. Khani, “Comparing a natural pozzolan, zeolite, to metakaolin and silica fume in terms of their effect on the durability characteristics of concrete: A laboratory study,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 41, pp. 879–888, 2013.
[18]	Q. Li, H. Geng, Y. Huang, and Z. Shui, “Chloride resistance of concrete with metakaolin addition and seawater mixing: A comparative study,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 101, pp. 184–192, 2015.
[19]	M. Etxeberria, A. Gonzalez-Corominas, and P. Pardo, “Influence of seawater and blast furnace cement employment on recycled aggregate concrete properties,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 115, pp. 496–505, 2016.
[20]	H. Li, N. Farzadnia, and C. Shi, “The role of seawater in the interaction of slag and silica fume with cement in low water-to-binder ratio pastes at the early age of hydration,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 185, pp. 508–518, 2018.
[21]	N. Zhu et al., “Interface and anti-corrosion properties of sea-sand concrete with fumed silica,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 188, pp. 1085–1091, 2018.
[22]	A. Dasar, D. Patah, H. Hamada, Y. Sagawa, and D. Yamamoto, “Applicability of seawater as a mixing and curing agent in 4-year-old concrete,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 259, p. 119692, 2020.
[23]	A. R. Estabragh, A. Jahani, A. A. Javadi, and M. Babalar, “Assessment of different agents for stabilisation of a clay soil,” Int. J. Pavement Eng., pp. 1–11, 2020.
[24]	S. Moradi and S. Shahnoori, “Eco-friendly mix for Roller-Compacted Concrete: Effects of Persian-Gulf-Dredged marine sand on durability and resistance parameters of concrete,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 281, p. 122555, 2021.
[25]	Y. L. Li, X. L. Zhao, R. K. R. Singh, and S. Al-Saadi, “Tests on seawater and sea sand concrete-filled CFRP, BFRP and stainless steel tubular stub columns,” Thin-Walled Struct., vol. 108, pp. 163–184, 2016.
[26]	Y. L. Li, X. L. Zhao, and R. K. S. Raman, “Mechanical properties of seawater and sea sand concrete-filled FRP tubes in artificial seawater,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 191, pp. 977–993, 2018.
[27]	J.-J. Zeng, W.-Y. Gao, Z.-J. Duan, Y.-L. Bai, Y.-C. Guo, and L.-J. Ouyang, “Axial compressive behaviour of polyethene terephthalate/carbon FRP-confined seawater sea-sand concrete in circular columns,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 234, p. 117383, 2020.
[28]	Y. Zhang, Y. Wei, J. Bai, G. Wu, and Z. Dong, “A novel seawater and sea sand concrete filled FRP-carbon steel composite tube column: Concept and behaviour,” Compos. Struct., vol. 246, p. 112421, 2020.
[29]	M. Bazli et al., “Durability of seawater and sea sand concrete filled filament wound FRP tubes under seawater environments,” Compos. Part B Eng., vol. 202, p. 108409, 2020.
[30]	Z. Dong, G. Wu, X.-L. Zhao, H. Zhu, Y. Wei, and Z. Yan, “Mechanical properties of discrete BFRP needles reinforced seawater sea-sand concrete-filled GFRP tubular stub columns,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 244, p. 118330, 2020.
[31]	J. Yang, J. Wang, and Z. Wang, “Axial compressive behaviour of partially CFRP confined seawater sea-sand concrete in circular columns–Part I: Experimental study,” Compos. Struct., vol. 246, p. 112373, 2020.
[32]	H. Yiğiter, H. Yazıcı, and S. Aydın, “Effects of cement type, water/cement ratio and cement content on seawater resistance of concrete,” Build. Environ., vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 1770–1776, 2007.
[33]	J. Limeira, L. Agullo, and M. Etxeberria, “Dredged marine sand in concrete: An experimental section of a harbour pavement,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 863–870, 2010.
[34]	Y. Huang, X. He, Q. Wang, and Y. Sun, “Mechanical properties of sea sand recycled aggregate concrete under axial compression,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 175, pp. 55–63, 2018.
[35]	W. Liu, H. Cui, Z. Dong, F. Xing, H. Zhang, and T. Y. Lo, “Carbonation of concrete made with dredged marine sand and its effect on chloride binding,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 120, pp. 1–9, 2016.
[36]	J. Xiao, C. Qiang, A. Nanni, and K. Zhang, “Use of sea-sand and seawater in concrete construction: current status and future opportunities,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 155, pp. 1101–1111, 2017.
[37]	J.-G. Teng, Y. Xiang, T. Yu, and Z. Fang, “Development and mechanical behaviour of ultra-high-performance seawater sea-sand concrete,” Adv. Struct. Eng., vol. 22, no. 14, pp. 3100–3120, 2019.
[38]	M. Z. Y. Ting, K. S. Wong, M. E. Rahman, and M. S. Joo, “Mechanical and durability performance of marine sand and seawater concrete incorporating silicomanganese slag as coarse aggregate,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 254, p. 119195, 2020.
[39]	C. ASTM, “1602/C 1602M-12 Standard Specification for Mixing Water Used in the Hydraulic Cement Concrete,” ASTM Int. West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2012.
[40]	C. ASTM, “1240-03” Standard Specification for using Silica Fume as a Mineral Admixture in Hydraulic-Cement Concrete, Mortar, and Grout,” Annu. B. ASTM Stand., 2003.
[41]	C. ASTM, “Standard test method for the amount of water required for normal consistency of hydraulic cement paste,” 2011.
[42]	ASTM, “Standard test methods for the fineness of hydraulic cement by air-permeability apparatus,” 2011.
[43]	ASTM C151, “Standard Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement,” Am. Soc. Test. Mater. West Conshohocken, PA, USA., pp. 1–4, 2015.
[44]	C. ASTM, “Standard test methods for the time of setting of hydraulic cement by Vicat needle,” C191-08. 2008.
[45]	A. ASTM, “Standard test method for compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars (using 2-in. or [50-mm] cube specimens),” Annu. B. ASTM Stand. B. ASTM Stand., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2013.
[46]	ASTM, “Method of test for tensile strength of hydraulic cement mortars,” C190–85. ASTM Philadelphia PA, 1985.
[47]	S. Specification, “Standard Specification for Structural Clay Nonloadbearing Tile 1,” vol. i, pp. 1–3, 2005, DOI: 10.1520/C0056-13.2.
[48]	ASTM, “Standard test method for relative density (specific gravity) and absorption of fine aggregate,” 2015.
[49]	S. Cheng, Z. Shui, T. Sun, R. Yu, G. Zhang, and S. Ding, “Effects of fly ash, blast furnace slag and metakaolin on mechanical properties and durability of coral sand concrete,” Appl. Clay Sci., vol. 141, pp. 111–117, 2017.
[50]	Q. Li, H. Geng, Z. Shui, and Y. Huang, “Effect of metakaolin addition and seawater is mixing on the properties and hydration of concrete,” Appl. Clay Sci., vol. 115, pp. 51–60, 2015.
[51]	A. (American S. for T. and Materials), “Standard Test Method for Temperature of Freshly Mixed Hydraulic-Cement Concrete.” ASTM International West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2016.
[52]	C. ASTM, “Standard test method for slump of hydraulic-cement concrete,” 2012.
[53]	BSI, “BS 1881-124: 2015: Testing concrete–part 124: methods for the analysis of hardened concrete.” BSI London, UK, 2015.
[54]	ACI Committee 222, “Protection of Metals in Concrete Against Corrosion,” Aci 222R-01, pp. 1–41, 2001.
[55]	G. J. L. Coppio, M. G. de Lima, J. W. Lencioni, L. S. Cividanes, P. P. O. L. Dyer, and S. A. Silva, “Surface electrical resistivity and compressive strength of concrete with the use of waste foundry sand as aggregate,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 212, pp. 514–521, 2019.
[56]	C. ASTM, “Standard test method for pulse velocity through concrete,” ASTM Int. West Conshohocken, PA, 2009.
[57]	IS 13311 (Part 1), “Method of Non-destructive testing of concrete, Part 1: Ultrasonic pulse velocity,” Bur. Indian Standards, pp. 1–7, 1992.
[58]	B. B. Jindal, P. Jangra, and A. Garg, “Effects of ultrafine slag as mineral admixture on the compressive strength, water absorption and permeability of rice husk ash-based geopolymer concrete,” Mater. Today Proc., 2020.
[59]	B. S. EN, “12390-8,” Depth of water penetration under pressure,” Br. Stand. Inst., 2000.
[60]	C. ASTM, “Standard test method for density, absorption, and voids in hardened concrete,” C642-13, 2013.
[61]	P. Castro, M. A. Sanjuán, and J. Genescá, “Carbonation of concretes in the Mexican Gulf,” Build. Environ., vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 145–149, 2000.
[62]	M. V. Diamanti, F. Lollini, M. P. Pedeferri, and L. Bertolini, “Mutual interactions between carbonation and titanium dioxide photoactivity in concrete,” Build. Environ., vol. 62, pp. 174–181, 2013.
[63]	S. A. Barbhuiya, P. A. M. Basheer, M. W. Clark, and G. I. B. Rankin, “Effects of seawater-neutralised bauxite refinery residue on properties of concrete,” Cem. Concr. Compos., vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 668–679, 2011.
[64]	A. C1723-16, “Standard guide for examining hardened concrete using scanning electron microscopy,” 2016.
[65]	M. N. Haque, H. Al, and O. Kayali, “Long-term strength and durability parameters of lightweight concrete in hot regime: the importance of initial curing,” Build. Environ., vol. 42, no. 8, pp. 3086–3092, 2007.
[66]	A. Lübeck, A. L. G. Gastaldini, D. S. Barin, and H. C. Siqueira, “Compressive strength and electrical properties of concrete with white Portland cement and blast-furnace slag,” Cem. Concr. Compos., vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 392–399, 2012.
[67]	R. Hay and C. P. Ostertag, “Life cycle assessment (LCA) of double-skin façade (DSF) system with fibre-reinforced concrete for sustainable and energy-efficient buildings in the tropics,” Build. Environ., vol. 142, pp. 327–341, 2018.
[68]	M. Williams, J. M. Ortega, I. Sánchez, M. Cabeza, and M. Á. Climent, “Non-destructive study of the microstructural effects of sodium and magnesium sulphate attack on mortars containing silica fume using impedance spectroscopy,” Appl. Sci., vol. 7, no. 7, p. 648, 2017.
[69]	M. Jalal, N. Nassir, H. Jalal, and P. Arabali, “On the strength and pulse velocity of rubberised concrete containing silica fume and zeolite: Prediction using multivariable regression models,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 223, pp. 530–543, 2019.
[70]	H.-W. Song, S.-W. Pack, S.-H. Nam, J.-C. Jang, and V. Saraswathy, “Estimation of the permeability of silica fume cement concrete,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 315–321, 2010.
[71]	M. R. Akram and S. Raza, “Effect of micro silica and ggbs on compressive strength and permeability of impervious concrete as a cement replacement,” Eur. Acad. Res., vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 7456–7468, 2015.
[72]	J. M. Khatib and R. M. Clay, “Absorption characteristics of metakaolin concrete,” Cem. Concr. Res., vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 19–29, 2004.
[73]	D. Foti, M. Lerna, M. F. Sabbà, and V. Vacca, “Mechanical characteristics and water absorption properties of blast-furnace slag concretes with fly ashes or microsilica additions,” Appl. Sci., vol. 9, no. 7, p. 1279, 2019.
[74]	V. G. Papadakis, “Effect of supplementary cementing materials on concrete resistance against carbonation and chloride ingress,” Cem. Concr. Res., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 291–299, 2000.
[75]	A. L. I. SADRMOMTAZI and B. TAHMOURESI, “ASSESSMENT OF AGGREGATES-CEMENT PASTE BORDER IN CONCRETES CONTAINING SILICA FUME AND FLY ASH,” 2018.
[76]	F. W. Locher, Cement: principles of production and use. Verlag Bau+ Technik, 2013.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mohammad Jahani, Shore Shahnoori, Saeed Moradi, Cyrus Ershadi. (2022). Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC. American Journal of Construction and Building Materials, 6(1), 43-59. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Mohammad Jahani; Shore Shahnoori; Saeed Moradi; Cyrus Ershadi. Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC. Am. J. Constr. Build. Mater. 2022, 6(1), 43-59. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Mohammad Jahani, Shore Shahnoori, Saeed Moradi, Cyrus Ershadi. Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC. Am J Constr Build Mater. 2022;6(1):43-59. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14,
  author = {Mohammad Jahani and Shore Shahnoori and Saeed Moradi and Cyrus Ershadi},
  title = {Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC},
  journal = {American Journal of Construction and Building Materials},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {43-59},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcbm.20220601.14},
  abstract = {The natural resources on earth are finite; thus, in a sustainable and circular system, the byproducts of one industry are sources for others. According to SDGs, nations should seek integrated methods to control climate change, minimise natural resources’ usage, neutralise the CO2 emissions and GHE, etc. Thus, as primary sources of emissions and natural resources’ depletion in the building industry, construction materials need crucial considerations. Therefore, the current study strives for methods to implement the wastes efficiently while preventing the use of freshwater in materials and production. However, the durability of the resulting concrete for usage in the structures exposed to marine and hostile circumstances is critical. The purpose of this research is to investigate some major characteristics of pozzolanic concrete made of seawater (Sw) and sea sand (DMS) in the laboratory and tidal conditions on a multi-scale level based on scientific results and environmental concerns. Therefore, the samples were prepared with two w/c ratios (0.35, 0.4) by replacing a certain percentage of different pozzolans with Portland cement (OPC) and fine aggregates with DMS, then were cured for 7 and 28 days, thereupon kept on a tidal condition for 180 days. The destructive and non-destructive tests showed that pozzolans’ usage, specifically silica fume (SF), highly improves the sustainability parameters of seawater sea-sand concrete (SWSSC) in tidal conditions and makes it more resistant to corrosive circumstances. SEM analysis showed objective evidence to justify changes in crystal texture of the OPC paste, various consolidations, void depths due to the presence of Sw, durability and microstructure improvements of SWSSC affected by eco-friendly materials. In the end, the data were analysed, and a correlation between SWSSC test results and behavioural characteristics was provided.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC
AU  - Mohammad Jahani
AU  - Shore Shahnoori
AU  - Saeed Moradi
AU  - Cyrus Ershadi
Y1  - 2022/05/31
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14
T2  - American Journal of Construction and Building Materials
JF  - American Journal of Construction and Building Materials
JO  - American Journal of Construction and Building Materials
SP  - 43
EP  - 59
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-0057
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14
AB  - The natural resources on earth are finite; thus, in a sustainable and circular system, the byproducts of one industry are sources for others. According to SDGs, nations should seek integrated methods to control climate change, minimise natural resources’ usage, neutralise the CO2 emissions and GHE, etc. Thus, as primary sources of emissions and natural resources’ depletion in the building industry, construction materials need crucial considerations. Therefore, the current study strives for methods to implement the wastes efficiently while preventing the use of freshwater in materials and production. However, the durability of the resulting concrete for usage in the structures exposed to marine and hostile circumstances is critical. The purpose of this research is to investigate some major characteristics of pozzolanic concrete made of seawater (Sw) and sea sand (DMS) in the laboratory and tidal conditions on a multi-scale level based on scientific results and environmental concerns. Therefore, the samples were prepared with two w/c ratios (0.35, 0.4) by replacing a certain percentage of different pozzolans with Portland cement (OPC) and fine aggregates with DMS, then were cured for 7 and 28 days, thereupon kept on a tidal condition for 180 days. The destructive and non-destructive tests showed that pozzolans’ usage, specifically silica fume (SF), highly improves the sustainability parameters of seawater sea-sand concrete (SWSSC) in tidal conditions and makes it more resistant to corrosive circumstances. SEM analysis showed objective evidence to justify changes in crystal texture of the OPC paste, various consolidations, void depths due to the presence of Sw, durability and microstructure improvements of SWSSC affected by eco-friendly materials. In the end, the data were analysed, and a correlation between SWSSC test results and behavioural characteristics was provided.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Mohammad Jahani

Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
Shore Shahnoori

Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU Eindhoven), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Saeed Moradi

Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
Cyrus Ershadi

Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mohammad Jahani, Shore Shahnoori, Saeed Moradi, Cyrus Ershadi. (2022). Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC. American Journal of Construction and Building Materials, 6(1), 43-59. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Mohammad Jahani; Shore Shahnoori; Saeed Moradi; Cyrus Ershadi. Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC. Am. J. Constr. Build. Mater. 2022, 6(1), 43-59. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Mohammad Jahani, Shore Shahnoori, Saeed Moradi, Cyrus Ershadi. Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC. Am J Constr Build Mater. 2022;6(1):43-59. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14,
  author = {Mohammad Jahani and Shore Shahnoori and Saeed Moradi and Cyrus Ershadi},
  title = {Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC},
  journal = {American Journal of Construction and Building Materials},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {43-59},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcbm.20220601.14},
  abstract = {The natural resources on earth are finite; thus, in a sustainable and circular system, the byproducts of one industry are sources for others. According to SDGs, nations should seek integrated methods to control climate change, minimise natural resources’ usage, neutralise the CO2 emissions and GHE, etc. Thus, as primary sources of emissions and natural resources’ depletion in the building industry, construction materials need crucial considerations. Therefore, the current study strives for methods to implement the wastes efficiently while preventing the use of freshwater in materials and production. However, the durability of the resulting concrete for usage in the structures exposed to marine and hostile circumstances is critical. The purpose of this research is to investigate some major characteristics of pozzolanic concrete made of seawater (Sw) and sea sand (DMS) in the laboratory and tidal conditions on a multi-scale level based on scientific results and environmental concerns. Therefore, the samples were prepared with two w/c ratios (0.35, 0.4) by replacing a certain percentage of different pozzolans with Portland cement (OPC) and fine aggregates with DMS, then were cured for 7 and 28 days, thereupon kept on a tidal condition for 180 days. The destructive and non-destructive tests showed that pozzolans’ usage, specifically silica fume (SF), highly improves the sustainability parameters of seawater sea-sand concrete (SWSSC) in tidal conditions and makes it more resistant to corrosive circumstances. SEM analysis showed objective evidence to justify changes in crystal texture of the OPC paste, various consolidations, void depths due to the presence of Sw, durability and microstructure improvements of SWSSC affected by eco-friendly materials. In the end, the data were analysed, and a correlation between SWSSC test results and behavioural characteristics was provided.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cleaner Production Towards a Green Concrete; Multi-scale Experimental Study on Long-Term Performance of a Sustainable Modified-SWSSC
AU  - Mohammad Jahani
AU  - Shore Shahnoori
AU  - Saeed Moradi
AU  - Cyrus Ershadi
Y1  - 2022/05/31
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14
T2  - American Journal of Construction and Building Materials
JF  - American Journal of Construction and Building Materials
JO  - American Journal of Construction and Building Materials
SP  - 43
EP  - 59
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-0057
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbm.20220601.14
AB  - The natural resources on earth are finite; thus, in a sustainable and circular system, the byproducts of one industry are sources for others. According to SDGs, nations should seek integrated methods to control climate change, minimise natural resources’ usage, neutralise the CO2 emissions and GHE, etc. Thus, as primary sources of emissions and natural resources’ depletion in the building industry, construction materials need crucial considerations. Therefore, the current study strives for methods to implement the wastes efficiently while preventing the use of freshwater in materials and production. However, the durability of the resulting concrete for usage in the structures exposed to marine and hostile circumstances is critical. The purpose of this research is to investigate some major characteristics of pozzolanic concrete made of seawater (Sw) and sea sand (DMS) in the laboratory and tidal conditions on a multi-scale level based on scientific results and environmental concerns. Therefore, the samples were prepared with two w/c ratios (0.35, 0.4) by replacing a certain percentage of different pozzolans with Portland cement (OPC) and fine aggregates with DMS, then were cured for 7 and 28 days, thereupon kept on a tidal condition for 180 days. The destructive and non-destructive tests showed that pozzolans’ usage, specifically silica fume (SF), highly improves the sustainability parameters of seawater sea-sand concrete (SWSSC) in tidal conditions and makes it more resistant to corrosive circumstances. SEM analysis showed objective evidence to justify changes in crystal texture of the OPC paste, various consolidations, void depths due to the presence of Sw, durability and microstructure improvements of SWSSC affected by eco-friendly materials. In the end, the data were analysed, and a correlation between SWSSC test results and behavioural characteristics was provided.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download